The more complex explanation requires an understanding of allophones and phonemes.
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In spite of overwhelming scientific evidence, OG and its Phombies continue to teach the schwa – [ə] – and "short u" – [ʌ] – as the same thing, and they're not.
If you own a LEX Grapheme Deck, it won't help you if it stays in its carton on a shelf. If you don't own one, go buy one now.
I'm going to ask everyone to not expect any more posts from me in August.
But the orthographic phonology is not the only thing that governs grapheme choice; pronunciation alone is way overrated when it comes to orthography.